Women's-health research, topic by topic

Pick a condition or life stage. For each one you can search the live evidence and see, on every result, how many women were included and whether the outcomes were analysed by sex.

Conditions

• Endometriosis: A common condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows elsewhere, often with long diagnostic delays. See how the evidence base reports on the women it studied.
• PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome): A hormonal condition affecting metabolism, fertility, and more, and one some researchers have proposed renaming PMOS. Check how consistently studies report participant sex and stratify their results.
• Adenomyosis: A frequently under-recognised uterine condition. See how much research exists and how it reports on its participants.
• Uterine fibroids: Common benign growths that can cause heavy bleeding and pain. Review the representation and reporting across the literature.
• Heavy menstrual bleeding: A symptom that affects daily life yet is often under-studied. See what the evidence base looks like.
• PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder): A severe form of premenstrual symptoms. Check how much research addresses it and how it reports its cohorts.
• Cardiovascular disease in women: The leading cause of death in women, historically studied mostly in men. See how often results are broken down by sex.
• Breast cancer: One of the most-researched women's cancers. Review how the literature reports on who was studied.
• Cervical cancer: A largely preventable cancer where screening access varies widely. See what the research covers.
• Ovarian cancer: Often diagnosed late. Review the evidence base and how it reports on its participants.
• ADHD in women: Long under-diagnosed in women and girls. See how much research addresses sex differences in diagnosis and treatment.
• Autoimmune disease in women: Autoimmune conditions disproportionately affect women. Check how consistently studies analyse sex differences.
• Migraine in women: Migraine is more common in women and often hormonally linked. See how the research reports on its cohorts.
• Osteoporosis: Bone-density loss that disproportionately affects women after menopause. Review the evidence base.
• Thyroid disease in women: Thyroid conditions are far more common in women. See how the literature reports on who was studied.
• Fibromyalgia in women: A chronic pain condition that disproportionately affects women and is often dismissed. See how the evidence reports on who it studied.
• Lupus in women: An autoimmune condition that overwhelmingly affects women. Review how consistently studies analyse sex.
• Rheumatoid arthritis in women: More common in women and shaped by hormonal changes. See what the research base looks like.
• Multiple sclerosis in women: MS is more common in women, and pregnancy alters its course. Review the evidence and its reporting.
• Iron-deficiency anaemia in women: A common, under-treated condition tied to menstruation and pregnancy. See what the literature covers.
• Pelvic organ prolapse: A common condition after childbirth and menopause, often under-discussed. Review the evidence base.
• Urinary incontinence in women: Widespread yet under-treated. See how the research reports on the women it studied.
• Interstitial cystitis: A painful bladder condition that predominantly affects women. Review the evidence.
• Vulvodynia: Chronic vulval pain that is frequently missed. See how much research addresses it.
• Lichen sclerosus: An under-recognised skin condition of the vulva. Review the research and its reporting.
• Recurrent UTI in women: Recurrent urinary tract infections disproportionately affect women. See what the evidence covers.
• Bacterial vaginosis: A common vaginal condition with recurrence and equity questions. Review the literature.
• Premenstrual syndrome (PMS): Common cyclical symptoms that remain comparatively under-researched. See the evidence base.
• Period pain (dysmenorrhoea): Painful periods affect daily life yet are often normalised. Review what the research reports.
• Depression in women: Depression is more prevalent in women, with sex-specific patterns. See how studies report on sex.
• Anxiety in women: Anxiety disorders affect women disproportionately. Review the evidence and its reporting.
• Eating disorders in women: Eating disorders are more common in women and often under-studied by sex. See the research base.
• Alzheimer's disease in women: Women bear most of the Alzheimer's burden, yet sex differences are inconsistently studied. Review the evidence.
• Stroke in women: Stroke presents and is treated differently in women. See how often results are analysed by sex.
• High blood pressure in women: Blood-pressure research has historically centred men. Review how the evidence reports on women.
• Type 2 diabetes in women: Diabetes carries sex-specific cardiovascular risk. See how consistently studies stratify by sex.
• Long COVID in women: Long COVID appears more common in women. Review how the research reports on who it studied.
• Chronic pain in women: Pain is experienced and treated differently by sex, and often dismissed in women. See the evidence.

Life stages

• Menopause: A universal life stage that remains comparatively under-researched. See what the evidence base covers.
• Perimenopause: The transition into menopause, often poorly recognised in care. Review the research and its reporting.
• Menopause and HRT: Hormone therapy evidence has shifted over decades. See how studies report on the women they enrolled.
• Pregnancy complications: Pregnant women are frequently excluded from trials. See what the research base looks like and who it reports on.
• Pre-eclampsia: A serious pregnancy complication and a leading cause of maternal illness. Review the evidence.
• Postpartum depression: A common but under-treated condition after birth. See how much research addresses it.
• Maternal mortality: Maternal deaths remain a global equity issue. Review the research and how it reports on its populations.
• Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: A common, treatable but under-discussed effect of menopause. Review the research base.
• Gestational diabetes: A common pregnancy complication with long-term implications. See what the evidence covers.
• Hyperemesis gravidarum: Severe pregnancy sickness that is frequently under-treated. Review the literature.
• Recurrent miscarriage: Recurrent pregnancy loss is common yet under-researched. See how the evidence reports on it.
• Preterm birth: A leading driver of newborn illness. Review the research and how it reports its populations.
• Perinatal mental health: Mental health before and after birth is under-served. See how much research addresses it.
• Fertility and age: Age and fertility research shapes major life decisions. Review what the evidence says.
• IVF outcomes: Assisted-reproduction evidence guides care for many. See how studies report on their cohorts.

Cross-cutting

• Sex differences in drug response: Drugs can act differently by sex, yet this is inconsistently studied. See how often the literature addresses it.
• Women in clinical trials: Representation in trials shapes whether findings apply to women. See what the research says about the gap.
• Pregnancy exclusion in trials: Excluding pregnant women from trials leaves an evidence gap. Review how the literature reports on it.
• Medication and breastfeeding: Lactating people are routinely excluded from drug studies. Review the evidence gap.
• Hormonal contraception and mood: A contested, high-interest question that is inconsistently studied. See what the research reports.

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